Jia, et al (2024) Effects of a Single BiocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More Application on Soil Carbon Storage and Water and Fertilizer Productivity of Drip-Irrigated, Film-Mulched Maize Production. Agronomy. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092028

A two-year field study examined the effects of biochar on soil carbon storage, water use, and fertilizer productivity in drip-irrigated maize farming in northern China. The study applied varying biochar levels (15, 30, and 45 tons per hectare) derived from maize residue and measured changes in soil moisture, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil organic carbon (SOC) content. Biochar was applied once before planting, with no reapplication during the second year.

Results showed that biochar improved water and fertilizer use efficiency. The 30 t/ha treatment (B30) had the best overall effect, increasing crop water productivity and nutrient use while reducing CO2 and CH4 emissions. Specifically, the B30 treatment decreased soil CO2 emissions by up to 40.6% and soil CH4 emissions by 268.4%, compared to untreated soil. Although biochar improved SOC content, replenishment was necessary in the third year for B30 to maintain optimal SOC levels.

The findings suggest that applying 22 t/ha of biochar optimizes water and fertilizer use while mitigating carbon emissions. However, periodic biochar reapplication is needed to sustain soil carbon levels. This study demonstrates biochar’s potential to improve crop productivity and environmental sustainability in maize farming under water-scarce conditions.

Researchers recommend further long-term studies to confirm biochar’s residual effects on soil properties and greenhouse gas mitigation.