The Promising Horizon of Algal Biochar in Environmental Remediation

Algal biochar, derived from micro and macroalgae, is gaining prominence in environmental remediation, including wastewater treatment and soil improvement. Its effective pollutant removal capabilities and contribution to sustainable agriculture are highlighted, alongside the need for further research into its characteristics, applications, and long-term impacts.

March 29, 2024

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Wang, Lin, et al (2024) Research advances on production and application of algal biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More in environmental remediation. *Environmental Pollution.* https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123860

Algal biochar, derived from both microalgae and macroalgae, has emerged as a groundbreaking and sustainable solution for environmental remediation, capturing the attention of researchers globally. This review encapsulates the significant advancements in the synthesis, modification, and application of algal biochar, showcasing its versatility and efficacy in environmental cleanup efforts ranging from wastewater treatment to enhancing soil health.

Algal biochar’s preparation involves pyrolysisPyrolysis is a thermochemical process that converts waste biomass into bio-char, bio-oil, and pyro-gas. It offers significant advantages in waste valorization, turning low-value materials into economically valuable resources. Its versatility allows for tailored products based on operational conditions, presenting itself as a cost-effective and efficient More, microwave-assisted pyrolysis, and hydrothermal carbonization, with physical and chemical modifications further elevating its properties. Its unique characteristics, such as a high cation exchange capacity, abundant heteroatom content, and porous structure, enable it to effectively remove various pollutants, including heavy metals, organic pollutants, and microplastics from environments. Furthermore, algal biochar demonstrates considerable potential in agriculture for soil improvement, notably enhancing soil structure, nutrient retention, and microbial activity, thus promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

Despite its promising applications, challenges persist in the deployment of algal biochar for environmental remediation, including the need for more research into the variations in biochar characteristics, improvement in performance, scalability of applications, and long-term environmental impact assessments. This comprehensive review highlights the critical role of algal biochar in environmental sustainability efforts, urging further exploration and innovation in its application to fully harness its potential for environmental remediation and sustainable development.