Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are harmful pollutants present in the environment, posing significant risks to human health. They resist natural degradation, making their removal from water sources challenging. Recent research focuses on using chemically modified biochar to remove EDCs more efficiently. Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from biological waste, offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional methods due to its ability to adsorb and degrade pollutants.

This review discusses how chemical modifications, such as acid and metal salt treatments, enhance biochar’s physical and chemical properties, increasing its surface area and pore size. Such modifications allow for more effective interaction with EDCs, including π-π bonding and electrostatic interactions, which facilitate higher pollutant removal rates. Studies show that modified biochar can remove between 63.3% and 100% of EDCs, depending on the conditions and modification techniques used.

Additionally, the article highlights the importance of optimizing biochar modifications for specific pollutants and environmental conditions. It also addresses the need for further research to refine these technologies and ensure they are environmentally friendly. Future work in this area could provide sustainable solutions for addressing the growing concern of EDC contamination in water systems.