A recent study published in Chemosphere investigates how biochar and microorganisms influence carbon storage in coastal wetlands, specifically focusing on the plant Suaeda salsa. Coastal wetlands are crucial for carbon storage but often face challenges from salinity changes that disrupt their ecological balance. The research team, including Jiaxin Liu and colleagues, conducted pot experiments to understand the roles of Enteromorpha prolifera biochar and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiThese are friendly fungi that form a partnership with plant roots. They act like an extension of the root system, helping plants access water and nutrients more effectively. Biochar can create a cozy habitat for these helpful fungi, boosting their growth and improving plant health.   More (AMF) in enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) and promoting plant health.

The study found that biochar significantly reduced the exchangeable sodium percentage in soil by 6.9% and increased SOC by 34.4%. This was achieved through adsorption and ion exchange processes. Additionally, biochar improved the abundance of carbon-related microorganisms and enhanced the activity of carbon-metabolizing enzymes, such as cellulase and sucrase. On the plant level, AMF notably improved the growth of Suaeda salsa, increasing its dry weight by 2.34 times compared to the control.

Using a partial least squares pathway model (PLS-PM) and correlation analysis, the researchers identified two main pathways for the combined effects of biochar and AMF: soil and plant. Biochar enhanced SOC and microbial growth, while AMF facilitated nutrient absorption by forming a symbiotic relationship with plant roots. Together, these elements boosted the photosynthetic efficiency of Suaeda salsa, thereby increasing carbon storage in the soil.

This study provides valuable insights into how biochar and AMF can be utilized to improve carbon storage in coastal wetlands, presenting a potential strategy for mitigating the impacts of salinity and enhancing ecosystem health.