Military activities and ammunition disposal often lead to soil contamination by energetic compounds (ECs) such as dinitrotoluene, trinitrotoluene (TNT), and hexogen (RDX). These compounds pose significant risks to human health and ecosystems. A recent study in Chemosphere examines the potential of biochar, a cost-effective material derived from biomassBiomass is a complex biological organic or non-organic solid product derived from living or recently living organism and available naturally. Various types of wastes such as animal manure, waste paper, sludge and many industrial wastes are also treated as biomass because like natural biomass these More, for remediating EC-contaminated soils.

Biochar’s effectiveness lies in its ability to adsorb ECs through interactions like π−π electron donor-acceptor and hydrophobic interactions. Additionally, biochar facilitates the conversion of ECs via conductive planes and redox components. Its use not only helps in removing contaminants but also offers environmental benefits, such as soil fertility improvement and the promotion of ecosystem recovery.

The review highlights the dual role of biochar as both an adsorbent and a mediator that aids in the chemical conversion of ECs. It also notes that biochar is advantageous for heavy metal immobilization. Moreover, the residual biochar left after treatment does not require secondary disposal and can continue to enhance soil health.

While biochar presents promising potential for EC remediation, challenges remain. The paper calls for further research into optimizing biochar applications and understanding its long-term effects on different contaminants. Overall, biochar offers an eco-friendly and effective approach to soil remediation, helping mitigate the environmental impact of energetic compounds while supporting sustainable land management.