Researchers have developed a novel biochar-based catalyst to improve the production of synthetic methane from CO2, a process that could reduce reliance on fossil fuels. In a study published in Renewable Energy, Begoña Peña and colleagues demonstrated that an olive kernel-derived biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More, supporting a nickel catalyst, achieved a CO2 conversion rate of over 60% in laboratory tests. This conversion rate, obtained under specific conditions highlights the potential of biochar as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to traditional catalyst supports.  

The biochar, derived from pyrolyzed olive kernels, has a high specific surface area (530 m2/g), which is a key factor in its effectiveness as a catalyst support. The researchers synthesized a nickel-based catalyst, applying it to the biochar, and tested it in a pilot plant. The resulting catalyst showed promising conversion rates, comparable to those of more expensive materials.  

The study also developed a kinetic model that accurately predicts experimental results, with discrepancies below 10%. While the catalyst showed incomplete nickel reduction during activation, the overall findings suggest that olive kernel biochar is a viable and sustainable material for enhancing methane production. This research paves the way for further optimization of biochar-based catalysts in industrial applications.  

SOURCE: Peña B, Bailera M, Legaz J, Barón C, Garlatti S, Zampilli M, Slopiecka KL, Guilera J, Martín E, Fantozzi F, Romeo LM, Lisbona P, Development, testing, performance analysis and modelling of a biochar-based catalyst for methanation reaction, Renewable Energy.