Hakimi, M.I., Mohd Yusoff, M.Z., Zakaria, M.R. et al. The versatility of lignocellulosic composition in oil palm trunks influences the adsorption capacity of derived biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More. BiomassBiomass is a complex biological organic or non-organic solid product derived from living or recently living organism and available naturally. Various types of wastes such as animal manure, waste paper, sludge and many industrial wastes are also treated as biomass because like natural biomass these More Conv. Bioref. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05956-w

Oil palm trunks (OPT) are often mismanaged in plantations, left to decompose and cause pest issues and soil health deterioration. Transforming OPT into biochar presents an innovative solution to these environmental challenges and creates a secondary income stream. This study explores the potential of OPT’s lignocellulosic composition for biochar production by dividing OPT into bark (OPTB), peripheral (OPTP), and core (OPTC) sections and comparing their properties before and after carbonization.

Results showed OPTB had the highest lignin content at 13.6 wt%, compared to 9 wt% in OPTP and 1.3 wt% in OPTC, with similar holocellulose content among the parts. OPTC was notable for its high starch content, reaching 9.2 wt%. Surface analysis of OPT biochar revealed that OPTP-Bc had the highest surface area at 3.27 m²/g, followed by OPTC-Bc at 3.07 m²/g, and OPTB-Bc at 2.69 m²/g.

The adsorption analysis demonstrated that OPTC-Bc achieved a 92.8% removal efficiency for methylene blue (MB) using a dosage of 4 g/L, showing its effectiveness as a bioadsorbent. These results aligned with established adsorption models, including Langmuir (R² = 0.93), Freundlich (R² = 0.98), and Temkin (R² = 0.99).

This study indicates that the lignocellulosic composition of oil palm trunks significantly influences the surface characteristics of the produced biochar, enhancing its potential as a bioadsorbent. It highlights the promise of sustainable agricultural practices to convert biomass waste into valuable assets, promoting a greener and more economically vibrant future.