Antanaskovic ́, A.; Lopicˇic ́, Z.; Dimitrijevic ́-Brankovic ́, S.; Ilic ́, N.; Adamovic ́, V.; Šoštaric ́, T.; Milivojevic ́, M. BiocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More as an Enzyme Immobilization Support and Its Application for Dye Degradation. Processes 2024, 12, 2418. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12112418

The textile industry’s wastewater often contains harmful dyes that pose environmental and health risks. Researchers have developed a method using biochar from fruit waste, specifically sour cherry stones, to address this issue. Biochar, a carbon-rich material created through pyrolysisPyrolysis is a thermochemical process that converts waste biomass into bio-char, bio-oil, and pyro-gas. It offers significant advantages in waste valorization, turning low-value materials into economically valuable resources. Its versatility allows for tailored products based on operational conditions, presenting itself as a cost-effective and efficient More (thermal decomposition), has shown promise as a support material for enzyme immobilization due to its high surface area and stability.

In this study, the enzyme laccase, known for breaking down pollutants, was immobilized on biochar derived from sour cherry stones. The immobilization achieved a 66% efficiency rate, with optimal conditions at pHpH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline a substance is. A pH of 7 is neutral, while lower pH values indicate acidity and higher values indicate alkalinity. Biochars are normally alkaline and can influence soil pH, often increasing it, which can be beneficial More 5 and 40°C. Characterization techniques such as FTIR and SEM-EDX confirmed the successful attachment of laccase on the biochar surface. The immobilized enzyme was then used to degrade brilliant green (BG), a common toxic dye in textiles. Results showed that more than 92% of BG was removed within four hours at 30°C, highlighting the biochar-laccase system’s potential for dye degradation.

This approach not only offers a sustainable solution for dye removal but also promotes waste valorization by repurposing fruit industry by-products. Future research aims to scale this process for industrial use, investigate the system’s stability in real wastewater conditions, and explore its application for other pollutants. This biochar-enzyme system represents a promising step toward greener wastewater treatment methods.