Elevated pollutant levels in water necessitate effective treatment methods. This study explores the potential of microalgae as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment. Using microalgae for wastewater treatment significantly reduces pollutants, achieving an 82% decrease in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD), and a 99% reduction in iron levels.

The algae biomassBiomass is a complex biological organic or non-organic solid product derived from living or recently living organism and available naturally. Various types of wastes such as animal manure, waste paper, sludge and many industrial wastes are also treated as biomass because like natural biomass these More harvested from treated wastewater is then used to produce biochar and bio-stimulants. These bio-stimulants significantly enhance seed germination and promote shoot and root growth in maize and beans. Conversely, the presence of biochar without bio-stimulant inhibits seed germination in these plants. Advanced analysis identified key compounds in the microalgal extract that contribute to plant growth.

This research highlights the dual benefits of using microalgae: effective wastewater treatment and the creation of valuable by-products like bio-stimulants and biochar. The integration of these processes not only addresses water pollution but also supports sustainable agricultural practices by enhancing crop growth and soil quality. This innovative approach exemplifies a circular bioeconomy, utilizing waste products to create valuable resources for environmental and agricultural applications.