Mazhar, M.W., Ishtiaq, M., Maqbool, M. et al.Management of yield losses in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek crop caused by charcoal-rot disease through synergistic application of biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More and zinc oxide nanoparticles as boosting fertilizers and nanofungicides. BMC Plant Biol24, 1099 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-05813-y

Mung beans, a key global protein source, are heavily affected by charcoalCharcoal is a black, brittle, and porous material produced by heating wood or other organic substances in a low-oxygen environment. It is primarily used as a fuel source for cooking and heating.   More rot disease caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. This disease can lead to severe yield losses, especially under heat and drought conditions. Researchers have explored environmentally friendly solutions to combat this issue, including biochar and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs).

A recent study investigated the combined application of biochar and ZnONPs as a soil amendmentA soil amendment is any material added to the soil to enhance its physical or chemical properties, improving its suitability for plant growth. Biochar is considered a soil amendment as it can improve soil structure, water retention, nutrient availability, and microbial activity.   More and foliar spray, respectively, to manage charcoal rot in mung beans. The study included 16 treatment groups with varying concentrations of ZnONPs and levels of biochar. The results were promising: the combined application of 40 g of biochar per pot and 20 mg/L of ZnONPs significantly improved plant growth and resistance.

Key findings include:

• Reduced disease indicators: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels decreased by 61.7% and 49.2%, respectively.

• Enhanced growth: Chlorophyll content increased by 43%, and plant height and pod count rose by 47% and 80%, respectively.

• Improved yield and nutrition: Seed protein content and overall crop yield increased notably.

The synergistic effects stem from biochar’s ability to improve soil health and microbial activity, combined with ZnONPs’ antifungal properties and role in enhancing antioxidant defenses.

This eco-friendly strategy offers a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, addressing both yield losses and soil health. Future research should optimize protocols and evaluate long-term effects to maximize agricultural benefits.