Environmental pollution from a multitude of toxic substances, known as emerging contaminants (ECs), is a pressing global challenge. These persistent and often eco-toxic pollutants pose significant threats to our ecosystems and human health. Thankfully, a new wave of remediation technologies is emerging, spearheaded by nanoparticles and innovative sorbents. This review dives into the current advancements in nano-enhanced remediation, showcasing its potential for tackling a diverse range of ECs, from persistent organic compounds to microplastics.

The review delves into various nano-based techniques like photocatalysis, sensing, and sorbent enhancement, highlighting their effectiveness in cleaning up contaminated environments. Importantly, it emphasizes the crucial aspect of sustainability, critically evaluating the long-term health and environmental implications of these methods. Additionally, the review explores the integration of nano-enhanced remediation with other emerging technologies like bioremediation and phytoremediationThis is a technique that uses plants to clean up contaminated soil or water. Biochar can enhance phytoremediation by improving soil conditions and promoting plant growth, allowing plants to absorb and break down pollutants more effectively.   More, paving the way for comprehensive and effective environmental cleanup strategies.

By harnessing the power of nanotechnology, we can develop novel and sustainable solutions to combat the growing problem of EC contamination. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, environmental scientists, and policymakers alike, offering insights into the promising future of nano-enhanced remediation and its potential to safeguard our planet for generations to come.