Zhang, et al (2025) Effect of biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More content and particle size on mechanical and water absorption properties of landscaping waste/polylactic acid composites. Industrial Crops and Products. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.120163

A recent study explored the use of biochar to enhance composites made from landscaping waste (LW) and polylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable polymer. These composites are part of sustainable waste management efforts and have potential applications in green materials.

Researchers investigated how varying biochar content and particle sizes affect the mechanical properties, water absorption, and thermal performance of these composites. When 1% biochar was added, the flexural strength increased by 19.2%, and water absorption decreased, indicating better bonding between the LW and PLA. However, higher biochar content (2–4%) caused uneven dispersion, leading to reduced mechanical strength.

The study also examined particle size effects. Smaller particles (100 mesh) improved material stiffness but had diminishing returns when they clumped together. This highlights the importance of optimal biochar content and size for composite performance.

Water absorption tests showed that the composites with biochar absorbed less water and expanded less, maintaining better dimensional stability. At higher temperatures, water diffusion accelerated, weakening the composite structure. The researchers applied Fick’s law and the Arrhenius equation to model water absorption and predict behavior under varying conditions.

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that biochar filled gaps in the composite structure, reducing porosityPorosity of biochar is a key factor in its effectiveness as a soil amendment and its ability to retain water and nutrients. Biochar’s porosity is influenced by feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature, and it plays a crucial role in microbial activity and overall soil health. Biochar More and improving durability. However, prolonged water exposure and higher temperatures degraded interfacial bonds, demonstrating limitations in extreme conditions.

Overall, the study provides a framework for optimizing biochar use in LW/PLA composites, supporting sustainable material development and advancing waste management solutions.