Plastic waste is a growing environmental challenge, with most traditional plastics being non-biodegradable. To address this, researchers are developing plant containers using polylactic acid (PLA) and biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More composites, offering a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastics.

PLA is a biodegradable polymer derived from renewable resources, but its brittleness and cost can limit its adoption. Biochar, a byproduct of biofuel production, serves as a filler in PLA to reduce costs and enhance certain properties. This study explored the effects of adding biochar and three additives—polyethylene glycol (PEG), STRUKTOL® (a plasticizer), and cork particles—to create durable and eco-friendly plant containers.

The research revealed that cork-based composites performed well, maintaining tensile strength comparable to pure PLA and 10% biochar composites. While plasticizer-based composites showed lower tensile strength, cork additives reduced aggregation, improving material smoothness. High biochar carbon content (81%) also suggests strong potential for carbon sequestration, contributing to soil health as the containers biodegrade.

Thermal testing confirmed that these composites withstand typical processing temperatures without significant degradation. However, cork and biochar both influenced the crystallization process, potentially affecting material structure.

With over four billion plant containers used annually, transitioning to biodegradable materials like PLA/biochar composites can reduce plastic waste while supporting carbon sequestration and soil enrichment. This innovation offers a promising step towards sustainable horticultural practices.