Song, H., Chen, SF., Si, G. et al. Removal of environmental pollutants using biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More: current status and emerging opportunities.Environ Geochem Health46, 384 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-024-02142-9

Biochar, produced through the pyrolysisPyrolysis is a thermochemical process that converts waste biomass into bio-char, bio-oil, and pyro-gas. It offers significant advantages in waste valorization, turning low-value materials into economically valuable resources. Its versatility allows for tailored products based on operational conditions, presenting itself as a cost-effective and efficient More of biomassBiomass is a complex biological organic or non-organic solid product derived from living or recently living organism and available naturally. Various types of wastes such as animal manure, waste paper, sludge and many industrial wastes are also treated as biomass because like natural biomass these More in low-oxygen conditions, is gaining attention for its environmental remediation properties. Its highly porous structure makes it effective at adsorbing and removing pollutants from ecosystems. When applied to soil or water, biochar influences microbial communities by providing a protective and nutrient-rich environment. These microorganisms, often found attached to biochar surfaces, show enhanced resilience to environmental stressors, which improves their ability to degrade pollutants.

This synergy between biochar and microbial activity leads to the breakdown of contaminants into smaller, less harmful molecules. In agricultural settings, biochar is often used alongside compost to improve soil quality, increase aeration, and support slow-release fertilizers. This combination helps in the more efficient degradation of waste, enhancing overall compost quality.

Current research focuses on optimizing biochar for better absorption and degradation of pollutants, particularly in agriculture and environmental cleanup efforts. Biochar’s affordability and efficiency make it an attractive tool in green and circular agriculture, as it supports sustainable farming practices while reducing environmental contamination.

Key points include biochar’s effectiveness in adsorbing and degrading pollutants, its enhancement of microbial activity, and its use in improving compost and soil quality. These properties make biochar a promising resource in both environmental remediation and sustainable agricultural systems.