In recent years, biochar remediation technology has gained prominence for its economic and environmental benefits in addressing heavy metal-contaminated soil. A thorough examination of the research landscape within this domain was conducted by analyzing the Web of Science core collection database spanning from 2008 to 2022. Utilizing bibliometrics and CiteSpace visualization technology, this study explored the current status, focal points, and future trajectories of biochar passivation remediation.

The analysis revealed a surge in research interest since 2014, with a substantial growth in literature dedicated to biochar remediation technology for heavy metal-contaminated soil. Key areas of focus include the application scope, mechanism of action, application effect, preparation methods, and optimization technologies associated with biochar. Notable research hotspots encompass the utilization of iron-modified biochar in the rice-soil system, biochar-based nanocomposites, and the combined application of phytoremediationThis is a technique that uses plants to clean up contaminated soil or water. Biochar can enhance phytoremediation by improving soil conditions and promoting plant growth, allowing plants to absorb and break down pollutants more effectively.   More and biochar.

Moving forward, the study identifies several promising avenues for future research. These include delving into the interaction mechanisms between biochar and soil systems, exploring microbial remediation technologies grounded in biochar, investigating the potential long-term effects of biochar utilization, and developing separation technologies for biochar and soil. As the field of biochar remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil continues to evolve, these findings provide valuable insights into the current trends and prospective directions for researchers and practitioners alike.