Mansourpour, Y., Ghasemi-Fasaei, R., Yasrebi, J., Ronaghi, A., Baghernejad, M., & Zarei, M. (2024). Efficacy evaluation of biocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More and activated carbonActivated carbon is a form of carbon that has been processed to create a vast network of tiny pores, increasing its surface area significantly. This extensive surface area makes activated carbon exceptionally effective at trapping and holding impurities, like a molecular sponge. It is commonly More as carriers of bacterial inoculants in the remediation of multi-metal polluted soil. Chemistry and Ecology, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/02757540.2024.2371013

Using organic amendments like biochar and activated carbon can enhance the cleanup of heavy metal-polluted soil. In a greenhouse experiment, biochar and activated carbon made from ostrich manure and almond husk were tested as carriers for beneficial bacteria in the phytoremediationThis is a technique that uses plants to clean up contaminated soil or water. Biochar can enhance phytoremediation by improving soil conditions and promoting plant growth, allowing plants to absorb and break down pollutants more effectively.   More of soil contaminated with lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) using maize plants.

The results showed that biochar and activated carbon from ostrich manure significantly increased the dry weight of maize roots (by 78–129%) and shoots (by 72.3–272%) compared to the control group. The accumulation of metals in maize followed the order Cd > Zn > Ni > Pb. Biochar and activated carbon from ostrich manure boosted the uptake of metals in both roots and shoots, whereas those from almond husk reduced the uptake of some metals.

The primary mechanisms for removing Cd, Ni, and Pb were phytostabilization, while Zn was removed mainly through phytoextraction. This study demonstrates that biochar and activated carbon derived from ostrich manure are effective treatments for improving the remediation of multi-metal-polluted soils and reducing heavy metal toxicity in plants.