Composting is a key technology for transforming organic waste into valuable fertilizer, yet it often struggles with instability and emissions of harmful gases. Recent research has highlighted the potential of peach shell biochar (PSB) to significantly improve composting processes, particularly for sheep manure.

In a study, various PSB ratios (0% to 10%) were tested over a 50-day composting period. Results demonstrated that PSB, especially at 7.5% and 10% concentrations, created a more favorable composting environment. This enhancement was evident in the thermophilic stage, where PSB helped raise maximum temperatures, crucial for pathogen elimination and effective composting.

Moreover, PSB notably improved seed germination indices, with increases up to 1.40 times compared to control groups. This suggests that PSB not only supports composting efficiency but also boosts the resultant compost’s quality.

A critical benefit of PSB is its ability to mitigate environmental impacts. It was found to reduce emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases like CO2, CH4, and N2O. These reductions help retain more carbon and nitrogen within the compost, enhancing its nutritional value.

Additionally, PSB at 10% concentration increased the activities of key enzymes like dehydrogenase and cellulase, which are essential for organic matter breakdown. However, it inhibited protease and urease activities, indicating a selective enhancement of beneficial microbial activities.

In summary, integrating 7.5% to 10% peach shell biochar into composting processes offers a promising approach to improving compost quality, reducing environmental emissions, and enhancing microbial activity. This study underscores the potential of PSB as a valuable additive for sustainable composting practices.