Alagulakshmi, R., Ramalakshmi, R., Arumugaprabu, V. et al. Optimization of erosion performance of biomassBiomass is a complex biological organic or non-organic solid product derived from living or recently living organism and available naturally. Various types of wastes such as animal manure, waste paper, sludge and many industrial wastes are also treated as biomass because like natural biomass these More and pet waste based composites using artificial neural network. Discov Appl Sci6, 618 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-06313-2

BiocharBiochar is a carbon-rich material created from biomass decomposition in low-oxygen conditions. It has important applications in environmental remediation, soil improvement, agriculture, carbon sequestration, energy storage, and sustainable materials, promoting efficiency and reducing waste in various contexts while addressing climate change challenges. More, derived from agricultural and industrial waste, is revolutionizing sustainable materials science. A recent study optimized the erosion resistance of polyester composites using biochar fillers from cashew nutshells, sugarcane, and PET plastic waste. By leveraging Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), researchers predicted and enhanced these materials’ performance, paving the way for greener, durable composites.

The study tested polyester composites filled with 5-15% biochar under various angles using an air jet erosion tester. Results revealed that composites with cashew biochar exhibited the best erosion resistance, particularly at a 60° impact angle. This improvement is attributed to cashew biochar’s superior hardness and bonding properties within the composite matrix. Sugarcane biochar also demonstrated excellent performance, albeit slightly less effective.

ANN models played a crucial role in the research. By analyzing variables like filler type, particle size, and impact angles, the models accurately predicted erosion rates and optimized composite designs. Cashew-filled composites emerged as the top performer, offering high durability for industries like automotive, construction, and sports equipment manufacturing.

This breakthrough underscores the potential of biochar as an eco-friendly filler, reducing reliance on synthetic materials while tackling agricultural waste challenges. Coupled with advanced AI tools like ANNs, the approach offers precise and efficient pathways to developing high-performance composites, aligning with sustainability and circular economy goals.