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Corn stover (CS), the agricultural waste from corn plantations, has been utilized as a catalyst support for producing sorbitol, an essential bio-based chemical. Researchers developed a dual-functional catalyst using CS-derived biochar and ruthenium (Ru/S-CCS) to enhance sorbitol production directly from cellulose. This approach leverages the abundant availability of CS, typically discarded through environmentally harmful open burning, turning it into a valuable resource.

The study demonstrated that the Ru/S-CCS catalyst significantly improves sorbitol yields from microcrystalline cellulose. Optimal conditions included a reaction temperature of 220°C, a reaction time of 6 hours, hydrogen pressure of 5 MPa, and a 5% Ru content, resulting in a sorbitol yield of 66.3%. The catalyst’s dual functionality, combining acidic characteristics and metal hydrogenation sites, was key to its effectiveness.

The Ru/S-CCS catalyst also showed promising results in recycling performance under these optimal conditions. Beyond microcrystalline cellulose, the catalyst facilitated sorbitol production from glucose, raw CS, and pretreated CS, indicating its versatility and potential for broader applications.

This study underscores the potential of CS-derived biochar as a cost-effective, environmentally friendly catalyst support. It opens new avenues for sustainable sorbitol production, contributing to the shift towards renewable resources and large-scale sugar alcohol production, benefiting various industries including food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The findings offer a practical solution for converting agricultural waste into high-value chemicals, reducing environmental impact, and promoting circular economy principles.